12.3.2.7 Palmyra

There are 9 entries associated with this topic.

Apamea and the Chaldean Oracles (1)
Aurelian and the cult of Sun (1)
A dedicatory inscription of Palmyra (1)
Helios = Šamaš in Palmyra (1)
An inscription relating to Baalshamin in Palmyra (1)
An inscription to Šamaš in Palmyra (1)
Nanaya in Syria and Mesopotamia (1)
Nisan 6th as "the good day" (1)
Temple of Nebu in Palmyra (1)

12. Assyrian Identity (359)

12.1 The shaping of Assyrian identity in imperial times (5)

12.1 The shaping of Assyrian identity in imperial times (5)

12.1.1 Aramaization of Assyria (1)

12.1.1.1 Annexation of Aramean West

12.1.1.2 Mass deportations

12.1.1.3 Systematic imposition of Aramaic as imperial lingua franca

12.1.1.4 Bilingualiasm of Assyrian ruling elite

12.1.1.4.1 Aramaic as first language of Akkadian scribes

12.1.1.5 Aramaic influences on Assyrian

12.1.1.5.1 Aramaic Phonological influences on Assyrian

12.1.1.5.2 Aramaic Morphological influences on Assyrian

12.1.1.5.3 Aramaic Syntactical influences on Assyrian

12.1.1.5.4 Aramaic Lexical influences on Assyrian

12.1.1.5.5 Aramaic Idioms in Assyrian

12.1.1.6 Use of Aramaic and Aramaic script in imperial administration (1)

12.1.1.6.1 Royal correspondence in Aramaic

12.1.1.6.2 Aramaic legal documents

12.1.1.6.3 Aramaic treaties

12.1.1.6.4 Aramaic administrative terms in Assyrian

12.1.2 Assyrianization of Arameans (1)

12.1.2.1 Extension of Assyrian citizenship to all provinces

12.1.2.2 Integration of Aramean nobility into imperial elite

12.1.2.2.1 Schooling of noble youths at court

12.1.2.3 Bilingualism of Aramean nobility

12.1.2.4 Assyrian influences on Aramaic (1)

12.1.2.4.1 Assyrian Phonological influences on Aramaic

12.1.2.4.2 Assyrian Morphological influences on Aramaic

12.1.2.4.3 Assyrian Syntactical influences on Aramaic

12.1.2.4.4 Assyrian Lexical influences on Aramaic

12.1.2.4.5 Assyrian Idioms in Aramaic

12.1.3 Cultural homogenization of the Empire (3)

12.1.3.1 Imposition of imperial standards (1)

12.1.3.1.1 Uniform money

12.1.3.1.2 Uniform calendar (1)

12.1.3.1.3 Uniform weights and measures

12.1.3.1.4 Uniform taxation

12.1.3.2 Ideological and religious propaganda (2)

12.1.3.2.1 Emperor cult (2)

12.1.3.2.2 Notion of a single supreme ruler

12.1.3.2.3 Notion of a single supreme god

12.1.3.2.4 Uniform visual imagery and symbolism

 

12.2 Assyrian identity in post-Empire times (151)

12.2 Assyrian identity in post-Empire times (151)

12.2.1 Assyria and Assyrians in Neo- and Late Babylonian sources (15)

12.2.1.1 Personal names (3)

12.2.1.2 Individuals identified as Assyrians (8)

12.2.1.3 Assyrians as ethnic group (1) (1)

12.2.1.4 Assyrian traditions in the Neo-Babylonian Empire (1)

12.2.1.5 Nabonidus as Assyrian king (2)

12.2.2 Assyria and Assyrians in Achaemenid sources (5)

12.2.2.1 Assyria as political entity

12.2.2.1.1 The Achaemenid province of Athura

12.2.2.2 Assyrians as ethnic group (2) (1)

12.2.2.2.1 Identification of speakers of Aramaic as Assyrians (1) (1)

12.2.2.3 Aramaic alphabet as “Assyrian script” (1) (1)

12.2.2.4 Identification of Aramaic speaking areas as Assyria (1) (2)

12.2.2.5 Syria as a variant of Assyria (1) (4)

12.2.3 Assyria and Assyrians in Greek, Latin and Jewish sources (134)

12.2.3.1 Continuity of the Empire after the fall of Nineveh (9)

12.2.3.1.1 Concept of “universal hegemony” (1)

12.2.3.1.2 Concept of transfer of hegemony/sovereignty (8)

12.2.3.2 Identification of the Babylonian Empire with Assyria/Syria (19)

12.2.3.2.1 Babylon as capital of Assyria (6)

12.2.3.2.2 Nebuchadnezzar as king of Assyria/Syria (3)

12.2.3.2.3 Babylonia as “country of the Assyrians/Syrians” (1)

12.2.3.3 Identification of the Achaemenid Empire with Assyria (5)

12.2.3.3.1 Achaemenid kings as kings of Assyria/Babylonia (4)

12.2.3.3.2 Assyria as a designation of Babylonia (1)

12.2.3.3.3 Mesopotamiazation of Achaemenid Persians

12.2.3.4 Designation of the Seleucid Empire as Syria/Assyria (9)

12.2.3.4.1 Seleucia as capital of Assyria (3)

12.2.3.4.2 “Syrianization” of Seleucid Greeks (4)

12.2.3.5 Identification of Aramaic speaking areas as Assyria (2) (1)

12.2.3.5.1 Syro-Media

12.2.3.6 Identification of speakers of Aramaic as Assyrians (2) (3)

12.2.3.7 Aramaic alphabet as “Assyrian script” (2) (1)

12.2.3.8 Aramaic as “Assyrian language” (2)

12.2.3.9 Interchange of Syria/Assyria in Greek and Latin sources (5)

12.2.3.10 Syria as a variant of Assyria (2) (4)

12.2.3.11 “Syrians” as a designation of ancient Assyrians (1)

12.2.3.12 Syria as a designation of the Assyrian Empire (4)

12.2.3.13 Assyria as a designation of (geographical) Syria in Latin sources (2)

12.2.3.14 Syria (= Assyria) as opposed to Aturia (= Assyrian heartland) (3)

12.2.3.15 Jewish identification with the Chaldaeans (2)

 

12.3 Assyrian identity in Christian Era (203)

12.3 Assyrian identity in Christian Era (203)

12.3.1 Conversion of Syria/Mesopotamia to Christianity (3)

12.3.2 Continuity of “Old Faith” beside Christianity (122)

12.3.2.1 Harran (36)

12.3.2.2 Sabians (31)

12.3.2.3 Edessa (14)

12.3.2.4 Hierapolis/Membig (30)

12.3.2.5 Emesa (1)

12.3.2.6 Heliopolis (2)

12.3.2.7 Palmyra (9)

12.3.2.8 Dura Europos (4)

12.3.2.9 Aššur (1)

12.3.2.10 Hatra (12)

12.3.2.11 Apamea (4)

12.3.3 Assyrian substratum features in early Syriac Christianity (82)

12.3.3.1 Veneration of images (1)

12.3.3.1.1 Images of emperor (1)

12.3.3.1.2 Images of angels

12.3.3.1.3 Images of saints

12.3.3.2 Sanctification of the emperor (4)

12.3.3.2.1 Proskynesis (4)

12.3.3.2.2 Halo

12.3.3.2.3 Incensation (2)

12.3.3.2.4 Silence

12.3.3.3 Concept of god (2) (2)

12.3.3.3.1 God’s transcendence and immanence

12.3.3.3.2 Distinction between essence and attributes of God

12.3.3.4 Developed angelology (Pseudo-Dionysios)

12.3.3.4.1 Archangels

12.3.3.4.2 Three-tiered three-ordered angelic hierarchy

12.3.3.5 Ecclesiastical hierarchy as mirror of celestial order

12.3.3.6 Redemptory death of Christ (3)

12.3.3.7 Resurrection and exaltation of Christ (3)

12.3.3.8 Trinitarian doctrine (11)

12.3.3.8.1 God the Father as Demiurge and Divine King (1)

12.3.3.8.2 Holy Spirit as feminine entity (9)

12.3.3.8.3 Christ as Son of God and pre-existent saviour (1)

12.3.3.9 Theotokos as Mother of God

12.3.3.9.1 Projection of features of the Goddess upon Madonna

12.3.3.10 Imagery and symbolism (17)

12.3.3.10.1 Sun and its rays (2)

12.3.3.10.2 Fountain and rivers (1)

12.3.3.10.3 Tree of life (2) (3)

12.3.3.10.4 Madonna and child

12.3.3.10.5 Lamb of god

12.3.3.10.6 Garments = virtues (10)

12.3.3.11 Mythology (5)

12.3.3.11.1 Hymn of the Pearl (1)

12.3.3.11.2 Fight against the Dragon (4)

12.3.3.12 Liturgy (1)

12.3.3.12.1 Circumambulation of church

12.3.3.12.2 Processions (1)

12.3.3.12.3 Incensation (3)

12.3.3.12.4 Lighting of candles

12.3.3.13 Animal sacrifices (10)

12.3.3.14 Prayer habits

12.3.3.15 Clerical dress (2)

12.3.3.15.1 Priestly cap (1)

12.3.3.16 Asceticism (2) (3)

12.3.3.16.1 Idealization of celibacy/androgyny (2)

12.3.3.16.2 Seclusion from the world

12.3.3.16.3 Fasting and weeping (2)

12.3.3.16.4 Self-mutilation (2)

12.3.3.17 Mysticism (24)

12.3.3.17.1 Ascent of the soul (2) (24)

12.3.4 Assyrian genealogical traditions among nobility (3)

12.3.5 Assyrian legends, myths and customs (8)

12.3.5.1 Assyrian legends, myths and customs in hagiographic writings (4)

12.3.5.2 Assyrian legends, myths and customs in Syrian historiography (1)

12.3.5.3 Assyrian legends, myths and customs in folk tradition (2)