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Some forms of black magic appear both in Greece and Mesopotamia. The making of an image, taking saliva, hair, the hem of a robe, footprints (Maqlû 1.131ff.) may represent some universal forms of magic. The hem of the robe is also used in the Pharmakeutria of Theocritus (2.53). There are also Akkadian love charms which use figurines. The Pharmakeutria refers specifically to a foreigner from Assyria who supplied a particularly potent substance (2.162). The text is Hellenistic, but already Plato describes the uncanny effect on the citizens of a town when they catch sight of wax models outside a door or at a crossroads or on a tomb, perhaps that of their own parents (Laws 933b). In the same way people in Babylon are frightened by fabrications which show up, indicating that life has been cut by someone. Countermagic is urgently necessary in such cases.
Sources (list of abbreviations) (source links will open in a new browser window)
Maqlû 1.131ff.
Plato, Laws 933b
Theocritus, Idylls 2.53
Theocritus, Idylls 2.162
Bibliography
Biggs 1967, 28.22-24 | Biggs, R. D. SA.ZI.GA. Ancient Mesopotamian Potency Incantations. Texts from the Cuneiform Sources 2. Locust Valley: J.J. Augustin 1967. |
Burkert 1992, 67 | Burkert, Walter. The Orientalizing Revolution. Near Eastern Influence on Greek Culture in the Early Archaic Period. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press 1992. |
Amar Annus
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